laravel5.5+dingo+JWT开发后台API

dingo api 中文文档： https://www.bookstack.cn/read/dingo-api-wiki-zh/README.md
Laravel中使用JWT：https://laravel-china.org/articles/10885/full-use-of-jwt
辅助文章： https://www.jianshu.com/p/62b0c4d75e59

参考https://www.jianshu.com/p/62b0c4d75e59 这篇文章基本就能搭建出环境，我使用的版本跟他一样 “dingo/api”: “2.0.0-alpha1”,”tymon/jwt-auth”: “^1.0.0-rc.1”，不知道别的版本有啥大的区别，但是网上找的其他一些文章使用的是旧的版本，jwt封装的东西路径可能不一样，可能会保错，有些文档还说要手动添加Tymon\JWTAuth\Providers\LaravelServiceProvider::class和Dingo\Api\Provider\LaravelServiceProvider::class，其实新版本不需要。

1. composer.json引入包,执行composer update：

 "require": {
......
   "dingo/api": "2.0.0-alpha1",
   "tymon/jwt-auth": "^1.0.0-rc.1"
 },

2. 执行下面两个语句自动生成dingo和jwt的配置文件：

1 2	php artisan vendor:publish --provider="Dingo\Api\Provider\LaravelServiceProvider" //config文件夹中生成dingo配置文件---> api.php

1 2	php artisan vendor:publish --provider="Tymon\JWTAuth\Providers\LaravelServiceProvider" //config文件夹中生成dingo配置文件---> jwt.php

3. 配置 .env

具体配置可参考文档https://www.bookstack.cn/read/dingo-api-wiki-zh/Configuration.md ，我的配置是

API_STANDARDS_TREE=vnd
API_PREFIX=api
API_VERSION=v1
API_DEBUG=true
API_SUBTYPE=myapp

还需在命令行执行 php artisan jwt:secret，会在.env自动添加JWT_SECRET，其他若需要，可以到各种的配置文件中看，在.env添加即可

4. 关键处理

'defaults' => [
        'guard' => 'web',
        'passwords' => 'users',
    ],

    'guards' => [
        'web' => [
            'driver' => 'session',
            'provider' => 'users',
        ],

        'api' => [
            'driver' => 'jwt', 
            'provider' => 'users',
        ],
    ],

这里需要把api原本的driver => session 改为使用jwt机制，provider对应你要用的用户认证表，一般就是登录注册那张表

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Tymon\JWTAuth\Contracts\JWTSubject;
use Illuminate\Notifications\Notifiable;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\User as Authenticatable;

class User extends Authenticatable implements JWTSubject {
    use Notifiable;

    /**
     * The attributes that are mass assignable.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $fillable = [
        'name', 'email', 'password', 'unionid'
    ];

    /**
     * The attributes that should be hidden for arrays.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $hidden = [
        'password', 'remember_token',
    ];


    // Rest omitted for brevity

    /**
     * Get the identifier that will be stored in the subject claim of the JWT.
     *
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function getJWTIdentifier() {
        return $this->getKey();
    }

    /**
     * Return a key value array, containing any custom claims to be added to the JWT.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getJWTCustomClaims() {
        return [];
    }
}

5. 设置控制器

考虑到可能后面需要开发不同版本api，所以在app/Http/Controller下建立了V1，V2目录，根据你自己的需求来，只要写好命名空间就ok avatar

<?php
/**
 * Date: 17/10/12
 * Time: 01:07
 */

namespace App\Http\Controllers\V1;

use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth;
use Validator;
use App\User;

class AuthController extends Controller
{

    protected $guard = 'api';//设置使用guard为api选项验证，请查看config/auth.php的guards设置项，重要！

    /**
     * Create a new AuthController instance.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function __construct()
    {
        $this->middleware('refresh', ['except' => ['login','register']]);
    }

    public function test(){
        echo "test!!";
    }

    public function register(Request $request)
    {

        $rules = [
            'name' => ['required'],
            'email' => ['required'],
            'password' => ['required', 'min:6', 'max:16'],
        ];

        $payload = $request->only('name', 'email', 'password');
        $validator = Validator::make($payload, $rules);

        // 验证格式
        if ($validator->fails()) {
            return $this->response->array(['error' => $validator->errors()]);
        }

        // 创建用户
        $result = User::create([
            'name' => $payload['name'],
            'email' => $payload['email'],
            'password' => bcrypt($payload['password']),
        ]);

        if ($result) {
            return $this->response->array(['success' => '创建用户成功']);
        } else {
            return $this->response->array(['error' => '创建用户失败']);
        }

    }

    /**
     * Get a JWT token via given credentials.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
     */
    public function login(Request $request)
    {
        $credentials = $request->only('email', 'password');

        if ($token = $this->guard()->attempt($credentials)) {
            return $this->respondWithToken($token);
        }

        return $this->response->errorUnauthorized('登录失败');
    }

    /**
     * Get the authenticated User
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
     */
    public function me()
    {
        //return response()->json($this->guard()->user());
        return $this->response->array($this->guard()->user());
    }

    /**
     * Log the user out (Invalidate the token)
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
     */
    public function logout()
    {
        $this->guard()->logout();

        //return response()->json(['message' => 'Successfully logged out']);
        return $this->response->array(['message' => '退出成功']);
    }

    /**
     * Refresh a token.
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
     */
    public function refresh()
    {
        return $this->respondWithToken($this->guard()->refresh());
    }

    /**
     * Get the token array structure.
     *
     * @param  string $token
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse
     */
    protected function respondWithToken($token)
    {
        return response()->json([
            'access_token' => $token,
            'token_type' => 'bearer',
            'expires_in' => $this->guard()->factory()->getTTL() * 60
        ]);
    }

    /**
     * Get the guard to be used during authentication.
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Guard
     */
    public function guard()
    {
        return Auth::guard($this->guard);
    }
}

控制器中命名空间namespace需要设置好，路由的时候需要用到，
$this->middleware('refresh', ['except' => ['login','register']]);
这里的中间件使用的是网上找的，用于无痛刷新jwt的token,具体可以参考这篇文章：https://www.jianshu.com/p/9e95a5f8ac4a

6. refresh中间件

<?php

namespace App\Http\Middleware;

use Closure;
use Tymon\JWTAuth\Exceptions\JWTException;
use Tymon\JWTAuth\Http\Middleware\BaseMiddleware;
use Tymon\JWTAuth\Exceptions\TokenExpiredException;
use Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\Exception\UnauthorizedHttpException;

class RefreshToken extends BaseMiddleware
{
    /**
     * @author: zhaogx
     * @param $request
     * @param Closure $next
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse|\Illuminate\Http\Response|mixed
     * @throws JWTException
     */
    public function handle($request, Closure $next)
    {
        // 检查此次请求中是否带有 token，如果没有则抛出异常。
        $this->checkForToken($request);

        // 使用 try 包裹，以捕捉 token 过期所抛出的 TokenExpiredException  异常
        try {
            // 检测用户的登录状态，如果正常则通过
            if ($this->auth->parseToken()->authenticate()) {
                return $next($request);
            }
            throw new UnauthorizedHttpException('jwt-auth', '未登录');
        } catch (TokenExpiredException $exception) {
            // 此处捕获到了 token 过期所抛出的 TokenExpiredException 异常，我们在这里需要做的是刷新该用户的 token 并将它添加到响应头中
            try {
                // 刷新用户的 token
                $token = $this->auth->refresh();
                // 使用一次性登录以保证此次请求的成功
                \Auth::guard('api')->onceUsingId($this->auth->manager()->getPayloadFactory()->buildClaimsCollection()->toPlainArray()['sub']);
            } catch (JWTException $exception) {
                // 如果捕获到此异常，即代表 refresh 也过期了，用户无法刷新令牌，需要重新登录。
                throw new UnauthorizedHttpException('jwt-auth', $exception->getMessage());
            }
        }

        return $next($request)->withHeaders([
                'Authorization'=> 'Bearer '.$token,
            ]);
    }
}

写好中间件后需要在app/Http/Kernel.php中注入
protected $routeMiddleware = [
……
‘refresh’ => RefreshToken::class,
];

7. routes/api.php 设置路由

$api = app('Dingo\Api\Routing\Router');
$api->version('v1', ['namespace' => 'App\Http\Controllers\V1'], function ($api) {
    $api->post('register', 'AuthController@register');
    $api->post('login', 'AuthController@login');
    $api->post('logout', 'AuthController@logout');
    $api->post('refresh', 'AuthController@refresh');
    $api->post('me', 'AuthController@me');
    $api->get('test', 'AuthController@test');
});

这里有个坑，不要这样写$api->post(‘me’,[‘middleware’ =>’refresh’], ‘AuthController@me’);
这样虽然能执行这个中间件但执行到$next($request)这里会出错，貌似是一个回调报错 Function name must be a string ，不太清楚具体原因，可以这样写$api->post(‘me’,, ‘AuthController@me’)->middleware(‘refresh’);

根据以上几个步骤就可以建立起简单的api后台基础，获取api路由列表可以使用命令行：
php artisan api:routes
routes:list貌似无法显示以上api路由，需要在api.php那里再写一遍原始的laravel路由定义才可以显示：比如这样Route::post(‘api/test’, ‘AuthController@test’);后续会用另一篇幅来记录postman和小程序相关知识